Nursing Acceleration Challenge Exam (NACE) PN-RN Practice Test

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Why are older adults more prone to developing pressure ulcers?

  1. Increased oil production from sebaceous glands.

  2. Decreased lean body mass and thinning epidermis.

  3. Increased physical activity.

  4. Improved skin elasticity.

The correct answer is: Decreased lean body mass and thinning epidermis.

Older adults are more prone to developing pressure ulcers primarily due to the physiological changes that occur with aging. One significant factor is the decrease in lean body mass and the thinning of the epidermis, which leads to reduced skin integrity and resilience. As individuals age, the body's ability to regenerate skin and maintain moisture diminishes, contributing to skin fragility. Additionally, decreased subcutaneous fat can reduce the cushioning effect against pressure, especially over bony prominences, making older adults more susceptible to skin breakdown. The combination of these changes results in an increased risk of pressure ulcers, especially in individuals who may have limited mobility or are bedridden. In contrast, increased oil production from sebaceous glands, increased physical activity, and improved skin elasticity are not typically associated with aging in a way that would protect against pressure ulcers. These options do not contribute to reducing the risk factors that lead to skin breakdown in older adults.

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