Nursing Acceleration Challenge Exam (NACE) PN-RN Practice Test

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Which infectious disease requires airborne precautions?

Influenza
Wound infection (MRSA)
Bordetella pertussis
Tuberculosis

The correct answer is: Tuberculosis

The infectious disease that requires airborne precautions is tuberculosis. This is because tuberculosis (TB) is primarily spread through the inhalation of respiratory droplets that remain suspended in the air for extended periods. Individuals with active TB release tiny droplets into the air when they cough, sneeze, or talk, which can then be inhaled by others, leading to the transmission of the disease. Airborne precautions are essential in healthcare settings to minimize the risk of transmitting TB to other patients and healthcare workers. These precautions typically include the use of specialized respirator masks (such as N95 respirators), negative pressure rooms, and limiting the movement of patients with known TB to prevent the spread of the infection. In contrast, while influenza and Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough) also have respiratory transmission, they primarily require droplet precautions, as their transmission does not occur through smaller airborne particles to the same extent as TB. Wound infections, such as those caused by MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), are associated with contact transmission rather than airborne transmission.